Summary
International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation
2006
Session Number:2E1b
Session:
Number:2E1b-2
Mitigation of Earthquake Hazards using Satellite Measurements
A.K. Gwal, Kalpana Malhotra, Abhishek Shrivastava,
pp.1-6
Publication Date:2006/11/2
Online ISSN:2188-5079
Summary:
Earthquake is one of the natural hazard threatening life, property and human being in many nations. In last few decades scientists have made substantial progress in developing the methods to analysis the earthquake hazards. Many researchers discuss the possibility of seismic hazards in the ionosphere. The seismic activity can be reflected in the ionosphere by electromagnetic waves and which not only accompany seismic activity but also precede it. Satellites and ground-based observations can detect earthquake precursors in the ionosphere a few hours or days before the main shock that will helpful in mitigating this hazard. Satellites observations can register specific density variations, electromagnetic emissions ranging from ULF to HF frequencies as well as fluxes of precipitating energetic particles in the ionosphere. The micro satellite DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) is the first micro satellite dedicated for seismo-ionospheric studies developed by CNES (French National Space Agency). The prime objective of DEMETER is to study the disturbances in the ionosphere due to seismic activity and due to the anthropogenic activities. The scientific payload of DEMETER is composed of several sensors, which allows to measures waves in broad frequency range (DC to 4 MHz) and also measures the local plasma parameters including temperature and density of electrons. This paper presents the examples of ionospheric precursors observed during earthquakes by DEMETER satellite over the seismically active regions of the world.