【主 催】

電子情報通信学会中国支部

【共 催】

電気学会中国支部

照明学会中国支部

映像情報メディア学会中国支部

情報処理学会中国支部

電気設備学会中国支部

計測自動制御学会中国支部
【後 援】 岡山大学

【日 時】

平成30年2月7日(水) 14:30〜16:00

【会 場】

岡山大学 工学部一号館 第5講義室

  (〒700-8530 岡山市北区津島中3丁目1番1号)

【演 題】

『MR Guided Ultrasonic Neuromodulation』

《和訳》MR誘導による超音波ニューロモジュレーション

※講演は英語で行われます。

【講 師】

Prof. Hairong Zheng

(Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Shenzhen nstitutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China)

【概 要】

Neurostimulation is among the fundamental ways of neuroscience to probe the neural mechanisms from molecular to behavioral levels. The cutting-edge discovery of ultrasound as a non-invasive neurostimulation tool, has made possible for the effective amelioration of multiple functional brain diseases such as Parkinson disease, epilepsy and major depression. In this study, we highlight the up-to-date research on the application of the ultrasonic radiation force in the stimulation of isolated neuron, mice and monkeys with the underlying mechanism and the challenges of ultrasonic neuromodulation discussed.

A high-frequency neurostimulation chip based on surface acoustic waves (SAWs) was designed and fabricated for the stimulation of isolated neuron. The responses of HEK cells, and neuron under the stimulation of the chip were recorded by the Ca2 imaging and patch clamp. Confocal imaging of fluo-4-AM fluorescence was conducted on the neuron cells with the neurostimulation chip. The whole-cell voltage clamp was used to record the changes in membrane current in response to stimulation with the chip. Portable and wearable systems incorporating high voltage waveform generator (0.5-5MHz) were designed for free-moving small animal studies. In addition, a wearable 256-element 2D dual-curvature focused ultrasound phased-array transducer and MRI compatible ultrasonic neuromodulation system were developed for primate studies. Rhesus monkeys were trained to perform perceptual tasks with and without intermittent ultrasonic stimulation to specific cerebral cortex. In vivo single or multiple

neuron electrode recording and eye tracking were conducted during task performance, allowing an evaluation of the direct linkage between physiology and behavior.

Time-lapsed series of confocal images were obtained from neuron cells loaded with fluo-4-AM. Ca2 transients were triggered in response to the stimulation by the high-frequency neurostimulation chipindicated by the increase in fluo-4 fluorescence intensity. Alterations in the membrane currents in response to high-frequency neurostimulation were recorded for HEK cells and neuron, respectively. Electromyography and local field potential signals were successfully recorded, demonstrating that the ultrasound neuromodulation can induce neuronal activity and evoke motor behaviors of animals. These results manifested that the interaction between ultrasonic radiation force and the protein of cell membranes may lead to the opening of mechanosensitive ion channels, thus triggering effective neuromodulation at both cellular and behavioral levels.

《和訳》

近年,超音波は最先端の非侵襲性神経刺激ツールとして注目され,パーキンソン病,てんかんおよびうつ病などの疾患の改善に有効であることが明らかにされている。我々は,単一ニューロンに刺激できる弾性表面波(SAWs)に基づく高周波神経刺激チップを研究開発・作製し,マウスの脳神経活動の観察に成功した。さらに,MRI環境対応のMR誘導による超音波ニューロモジュレーションシステムを構築し,サルの特定脳神経細胞の活動の観察ができた。

本講演は,マウスおよびサルを用いた超音波神経刺激を適用した最新の研究を紹介し,超音波ニューロモジュレーションのメカニズムを論じる。

【参加料】

無料

【事前申込】 不要

【問合先

岡山大学大学院自然科学研究科 呉 景龍

Tel: (086)251-8052  Fax: (086)251-8266

E-mail : wu@mech.okayama-u.ac.jp