| Presentation | 2016-05-20 Improvement of the embedding capacity for audio watermarking method using non-negative matrix factorization Harumi Murata, Akio Ogihara, |
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| PDF Download Page |  PDF download Page Link |
| Abstract(in Japanese) | (See Japanese page) |
| Abstract(in English) | For audio signals, we propose a method focused on a chord of music theory and embed the watermarks in consonance with host data. Moreover, we use nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). NMF is one of the techniques used for separation of an audio mixture that consists of multiple instrumental sources. NMF is an algorithm that decomposes a nonnegative matrix that is an amplitude spectrogram of a target signal into two nonnegative matrices that corresponds to the spectral patterns of the target signal and the activation of each spectrum. Onset time and offset time are estimated from the activation coefficients and this interval is defined as duration. The estimated notes are regarded as root notes and watermarks are embedded by operating the activation matrix coefficients of mediant and dominant. As prior learning, NMF is applied for a supervised signal including only musical instrument sound which timbre is similar to instrumental sound of the host signal. The activation matrix is calculated using the obtained basis matrix. In this paper, we expand triad into tetrad as an embedding position, and the embedding capacity is included by embedding watermarks into all notes which is consisted of consonance. Moreover, we examine whether watermarks can be embedded into all notes. |
| Keyword(in Japanese) | (See Japanese page) |
| Keyword(in English) | Audio Watermarking / Non-negative Matrix Factorization |
| Paper # | IT2016-15,EMM2016-15 |
| Date of Issue | 2016-05-12 (IT, EMM) |
| Conference Information | |
| Committee | IT / EMM |
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| Conference Date | 2016/5/19(2days) |
| Place (in Japanese) | (See Japanese page) |
| Place (in English) | Otaru Economic Center |
| Topics (in Japanese) | (See Japanese page) |
| Topics (in English) | Information Security, Information Theory, Information Hiding, etc. |
| Chair | Yasutada Oohama(Univ. of Electro-Comm.) / Akinori Ito(Tohoku Univ.) |
| Vice Chair | Tadashi Wadayama(Nagoya Inst. of Tech.) / Masashi Unoki(JAIST) / Masaki Kawamura(Yamaguchi Univ.) |
| Secretary | Tadashi Wadayama(Univ. of Electro-Comm.) / Masashi Unoki(Wakayama Univ.) / Masaki Kawamura(Univ. of Electro-Comm.) |
| Assistant | Takuya Kusaka(Okayama Univ.) / Motoi Iwata(Osaka Pref. Univ.) / Kazuhiro Kohno(Kansai Univ.) |
| Paper Information | |
| Registration To | Technical Committee on Information Theory / Technical Committee on Enriched MultiMedia |
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| Language | JPN |
| Title (in Japanese) | (See Japanese page) |
| Sub Title (in Japanese) | (See Japanese page) |
| Title (in English) | Improvement of the embedding capacity for audio watermarking method using non-negative matrix factorization |
| Sub Title (in English) | |
| Keyword(1) | Audio Watermarking |
| Keyword(2) | Non-negative Matrix Factorization |
| 1st Author's Name | Harumi Murata |
| 1st Author's Affiliation | Chukyo University(Chukyo Univ.) |
| 2nd Author's Name | Akio Ogihara |
| 2nd Author's Affiliation | Kindai University(Kindai Univ.) |
| Date | 2016-05-20 |
| Paper # | IT2016-15,EMM2016-15 |
| Volume (vol) | vol.116 |
| Number (no) | IT-33,EMM-34 |
| Page | pp.pp.87-92(IT), pp.87-92(EMM), |
| #Pages | 6 |
| Date of Issue | 2016-05-12 (IT, EMM) |