Paper Abstract and Keywords |
Presentation |
2016-03-03 13:25
Digital wateramrk for real musical inistrument sounds based on non-negative matrix factorization Harumi Murata (Chukyo Univ.), Akio Ogihara (Kinki Univ.) EMM2015-95 |
Abstract |
(in Japanese) |
(See Japanese page) |
(in English) |
For audio signals, we propose a method focused on a chord of music theory and embed the watermarks in consonance with host data. Moreover, we use nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). NMF is one of the technique used for separation of an audio mixture that consists of multiple instrumental sources. NMF is an algorithm that decomposes a nonnegative matrix that is an amplitude spectrogram of a target signal into two nonnegative matrices that corresponds to the spectral patterns of the target signal and the activation of each spectrum. Onset time and offset time are estimated from the activation coefficients and this interval is defined as duration. The estimated notes are regarded as root notes and watermarks are embedded by operating the activation matrix coefficients of mediant and dominant notes. As prior learning, NMF is applied for a supervised signal including only musical instrument sound of host signal. The activation matrix is calculated using the obtained basis matrix. Generally, musical instrument included in host signal can be estimated, but it is difficult to estimate timbre of musical instrument. Hence, it is to be desired that watermarks can be embedded in case that a supervised signal use a musical instrument sound with different timbre of the same instrument to the host signal. In this paper, we examine whether watermarks can be embedded into real musical instrument sounds. |
Keyword |
(in Japanese) |
(See Japanese page) |
(in English) |
Audio Watermarking / Non-negative Matrix Factorization / Key Detection / / / / / |
Reference Info. |
IEICE Tech. Rep., vol. 115, no. 479, EMM2015-95, pp. 111-116, March 2016. |
Paper # |
EMM2015-95 |
Date of Issue |
2016-02-24 (EMM) |
ISSN |
Print edition: ISSN 0913-5685 Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380 |
Copyright and reproduction |
All rights are reserved and no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Notwithstanding, instructors are permitted to photocopy isolated articles for noncommercial classroom use without fee. (License No.: 10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034) |
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EMM2015-95 |
Conference Information |
Committee |
EMM |
Conference Date |
2016-03-02 - 2016-03-03 |
Place (in Japanese) |
(See Japanese page) |
Place (in English) |
Yakushima Environ. and Cultural Vill. Center |
Topics (in Japanese) |
(See Japanese page) |
Topics (in English) |
Image and Sound Quality, Metrics for Perception and Recognition, Human Auditory and Visual System, etc. |
Paper Information |
Registration To |
EMM |
Conference Code |
2016-03-EMM |
Language |
Japanese |
Title (in Japanese) |
(See Japanese page) |
Sub Title (in Japanese) |
(See Japanese page) |
Title (in English) |
Digital wateramrk for real musical inistrument sounds based on non-negative matrix factorization |
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Keyword(1) |
Audio Watermarking |
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Non-negative Matrix Factorization |
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Key Detection |
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1st Author's Name |
Harumi Murata |
1st Author's Affiliation |
Chukyo University (Chukyo Univ.) |
2nd Author's Name |
Akio Ogihara |
2nd Author's Affiliation |
Kinki University (Kinki Univ.) |
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Speaker |
Author-1 |
Date Time |
2016-03-03 13:25:00 |
Presentation Time |
25 minutes |
Registration for |
EMM |
Paper # |
EMM2015-95 |
Volume (vol) |
vol.115 |
Number (no) |
no.479 |
Page |
pp.111-116 |
#Pages |
6 |
Date of Issue |
2016-02-24 (EMM) |
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