講演抄録/キーワード |
講演名 |
2014-08-13 14:00
[招待講演]The interaction of working memory and expectation-based processes in sentence comprehension ○Shravan Vasishth・Samar Husain(Univ. of Potsdam) TL2014-32 |
抄録 |
(和) |
Husain and colleagues [1] have shown using self-paced reading that, in Hindi, when the expectation for an upcoming head is strong (i.e., when the exact identity of a head is highly predictable), delaying the appearance of the head leads to facilitation in processing (the anti-locality effect); but when the expectation is weak (i.e., when only a verb is highly predictable, but its exact identity is not), increasing distance leads to a tendency towards a classical locality effect of the type that Grodner and Gibson have found [2]. Building on this work, two self-paced reading experiments involving Hindi show that strong and weak expectation (in the sense of Husain and colleagues) interacts with reactivation, which has been proposed as an explanation for anti-locality effects [3]. The reactivation explanation for anti-locality effects is that
increasing distance by interposing material between a dependent and a head can result in facilitation in processing at the head if the interposed material attaches to the upcoming head, because this attachment process boosts the activation of the predicted head phrase.
We show that when expectation is weak (i.e., when the exact identity of a verb is not predictable), reactivation effects appear, and when expectation is strong, reactivation effects disappear. This result suggests that strong expectation may lead to high activation of the predicted phrase, with the consequence that reactivating an already highly active element yields no processing advantage; by contrast, when expectation is weak (in Husain et al's sense), the activation of the predicted phrase is low, with the consequence that reactivating a phrase with low activation leads to an activation boost, causing a facilitation in processing. This is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of an interaction between (re)activation and expectation in sentence comprehension. |
(英) |
Husain and colleagues [1] have shown using self-paced reading that, in Hindi, when the expectation for an upcoming head is strong (i.e., when the exact identity of a head is highly predictable), delaying the appearance of the head leads to facilitation in processing (the anti-locality effect); but when the expectation is weak (i.e., when only a verb is highly predictable, but its exact identity is not), increasing distance leads to a tendency towards a classical locality effect of the type that Grodner and Gibson have found [2]. Building on this work, two self-paced reading experiments involving Hindi show that strong and weak expectation (in the sense of Husain and colleagues) interacts with reactivation, which has been proposed as an explanation for anti-locality effects [3]. The reactivation explanation for anti-locality effects is that
increasing distance by interposing material between a dependent and a head can result in facilitation in processing at the head if the interposed material attaches to the upcoming head, because this attachment process boosts the activation of the predicted head phrase.
We show that when expectation is weak (i.e., when the exact identity of a verb is not predictable), reactivation effects appear, and when expectation is strong, reactivation effects disappear. This result suggests that strong expectation may lead to high activation of the predicted phrase, with the consequence that reactivating an already highly active element yields no processing advantage; by contrast, when expectation is weak (in Husain et al's sense), the activation of the predicted phrase is low, with the consequence that reactivating a phrase with low activation leads to an activation boost, causing a facilitation in processing. This is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of an interaction between (re)activation and expectation in sentence comprehension. |
キーワード |
(和) |
sentence comprehension / expectation / locality / reactivation / self-paced reading / Hindi / / |
(英) |
sentence comprehension / expectation / locality / reactivation / self-paced reading / Hindi / / |
文献情報 |
信学技報, vol. 114, no. 176, TL2014-32, pp. 113-114, 2014年8月. |
資料番号 |
TL2014-32 |
発行日 |
2014-08-05 (TL) |
ISSN |
Print edition: ISSN 0913-5685 Online edition: ISSN 2432-6380 |
著作権に ついて |
技術研究報告に掲載された論文の著作権は電子情報通信学会に帰属します.(許諾番号:10GA0019/12GB0052/13GB0056/17GB0034/18GB0034) |
PDFダウンロード |
TL2014-32 |
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