{"id":9183,"date":"2023-04-29T16:43:52","date_gmt":"2023-04-29T07:43:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www11.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp\/?page_id=9183"},"modified":"2025-12-05T19:25:55","modified_gmt":"2025-12-05T10:25:55","slug":"clutter_loss","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/misc\/denpan-db\/prop_model_db\/model_list\/clutter_loss\/","title":{"rendered":"\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/div>

<\/path><\/svg><\/i> \"Loading\"<\/p>

<\/div>(since 2025\/12\/5)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u6982\u8981<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5efa\u7269\u3084\u690d\u751f\u306a\u3069\u3001\u5730\u8868\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u5730\u5f62\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u7269\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3002
\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u306f\u3001\u4f1d\u642c\u7d4c\u8def\u306e\u4e21\u7aef\u306b\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3068\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306e\u4f1d\u642c\u640d\u5931\u306e\u5dee\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u3001\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2\u4f1d\u642c\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u640d\u5931\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002
\u3053\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2\u4f1d\u642c\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u3092\u4ed8\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u9001\u4fe1\u5c40\/\u53d7\u4fe1\u5c40\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u5efa\u7269\u3084\u690d\u751f\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u52a0\u5473\u3057\u305f\u4f1d\u642c\u640d\u5931\u3092\u63a8\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002
\u306a\u304a\u3001\u77ed\u8ddd\u96e2\u4f1d\u642c\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u306f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u81ea\u4f53\u306b\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u306e\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u304f\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u3092\u4ed8\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u3068\u640d\u5931\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u8a08\u4e0a\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5229\u7528\u306b\u306f\u6ce8\u610f\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

ITU-R\u52e7\u544aP.2108-1\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e3\u3064\u306e\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u63a8\u5b9a\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002
\uff11\uff0e\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u9ad8\u3055\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u9001\u4fe1\u5c40\/\u53d7\u4fe1\u5c40\u304c\u8a2d\u7f6e\uff0830MHz\uff5e3GHz\uff09
\uff12\uff0e\u9001\u4fe1\u5c40\/\u53d7\u4fe1\u5c40\u304c\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff08500MHz\uff5e67GHz\uff09
\uff13\uff0e\u7247\u65b9\u306e\u7121\u7dda\u5c40\u304c\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u7121\u7dda\u5c40\u304c\u4e0a\u7a7a\u306b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff0810GHz\uff5e100GHz\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
\u56f31 \u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u306e\u6982\u8981<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\uff11\uff0e\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u9ad8\u3055\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u9001\u4fe1\u5c40\/\u53d7\u4fe1\u5c40\u304c\u8a2d\u7f6e\uff0830MHz\uff5e3GHz\uff09<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6570\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\\(A_h\\)\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(h \\geq R \\) \u306e\u3068\u304d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
A_h = 0 \\\\
\\tag{1}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(h < R \\) \u306e\u3068\u304d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
A_h = J(\\nu) – 6.03 \\\\ \\tag{2a}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
A_h = – K_{h2} \\log_{10} \\left( \\frac{h}{R} \\right) \\\\ \\tag{2b}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(\\nu > -0.78\\) \u306e\u3068\u304d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
J(\\nu) = 6.9 + 20 \\log_{10} \\left( \\sqrt{(\\nu – 0.1)^2 + 1} + \\nu + 0.1 \\right) \\\\ \\tag{3}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\( \\nu \\leq -0.78 \\) \u306e\u3068\u304d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
J(\\nu) = 0 \\\\ \\tag{4}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5f0f(5)\u3067 \\(h_{\\it dif}\\) \u304c\u8ca0\u306e\u5024\u306e\u3068\u304d\u306f \\(\\nu=0\\) \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002\u5f0f(4)\u3067 \\(\\nu\\leq-0.78\\) \u3068\u8a18\u8f09\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304c\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30ca\u30a4\u30d5\u30a8\u30c3\u30b8\u56de\u6298\u640d\u5931\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u3092\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5f0f(5)\u3067 \\(\\nu<0\\) \u3068\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
\\nu = K_{\\it nu} \\sqrt{h_{\\it dif} \\theta_{\\it clut}} \\\\ \\tag{5}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
h_{\\it dif} = R – h \\\\ \\tag{6}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
\\theta_{\\it clut} = \\tan^{-1} \\left( \\frac{h_{\\it dif}}{w_s} \\right) \\quad [{\\rm degrees}] \\\\ \\tag{7}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
K_{{\\it h}2} = 21.8 + 6.2 \\log_{10} (f) \\\\ \\tag{8}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
K_{\\it nu} = 0.342 \\sqrt{f} \\\\ \\tag{9}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u8a08\u7b97\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"
\u56f32 \u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u8a08\u7b97\u4f8b<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

clear
close all

f=1; %Frequency [GHz]
h=1.5; %antennaheight[m]
ws=27; %street width [m]
path_type=4; %1=Water\/sea, 2=Open\/rural, 3=Suburban, 4=Urban\/trees\/forest, 5=Dense urban

Ah=Clutter_loss(f,h,ws,path_type)

function Ah=Clutter_loss(f,h,ws,path_type)
if path_type==1||path_type==2||path_type==3
R=10;
elseif path_type==4
R=15;
elseif path_type==5
R=20;
end

if h>=R
Ah=0;
elseif path_type==1||path_type==2
Kh2=21.8*6.2*log10(f);
Ah=-Kh2*log10(h\/R);
elseif path_type==3||path_type==4||path_type==5
Knu=0.342*sqrt(f);
h_dif=R-h;
theta_clut=atan(h_dif\/ws)*180\/pi;
v=Knu*sqrt(h_dif*theta_clut);
Jv=6.9+20*log10(sqrt((v-0.1)^2+1)+v-0.1);
Ah=Jv-6.03;
end
end<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff12\uff0e\u9001\u4fe1\u5c40\/\u53d7\u4fe1\u5c40\u304c\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff08500MHz\uff5e67GHz\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6570\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\\(L_{clut}\\)\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u203b\u9001\u53d7\u4fe1\u5c40\u306e\u3069\u3061\u3089\u304b\u7247\u65b9\u306e\u307f\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306e\u6700\u5c0f\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f0.25km
\u203b\u9001\u53d7\u4fe1\u5c40\u4e21\u65b9\u3068\u3082\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306e\u6700\u5c0f\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f1km<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
L_{\\it clut} = -5 \\log_{10} (10^{-0.2L_l} + 10^{-0.2L_s}) – \\sigma_{\\it cb} Q^{-1} \\left( \\frac{p}{100} \\right) \\\\ \\tag{10}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
\\sigma_{\\it cb} = \\sqrt{\\frac{\\sigma_l^2 10^{-0.2 L_l} + \\sigma_s^2 10^{-0.2 L_s}}{10^{-0.2 L_l} + 10^{-0.2 L_s}}} \\\\ \\tag{11}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
Q^{-1} (x) = \\sqrt{2} {\\rm erf}^{-1} (1 – 2x) = \\sqrt{2} {\\rm erfc}^{-1} (2x) \\\\ \\tag{12}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
L_l = -2 \\log_{10} \\left( 10^{-5 \\log_{10} f – 12.5} + 10^{-16.5} \\right) \\\\ \\tag{13}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
L_s = 32.98 + 23.9 \\log_{10} d + 3 \\log_{10} f \\\\ \\tag{14}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
\\sigma_l = 4 \\\\ \\tag{15}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
\\sigma_s = 6 \\\\ \\tag{16}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\\(L_{clut}\\)\u306f\u6b21\u306e\\(L_{clut_{Max}}\\)\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u306a\u3044\u5024\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
L_{\\it clut_{\\it Max}} = L_{\\it clut_{{\\rm 2}{\\it km}}}\\ \\tag{17}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(L_{clut_{2km}}\\)\uff1a\\(d=2km\\)\u3068\u3057\u305f\u3068\u304d\u306e\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a08\u7b97\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"
\u56f33 \u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u8a08\u7b97\u4f8b<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

clear
close all

f=1; %Frequency [GHz]
d=1.5; %Tx-Rx distance[km]
p=50; %percentage of location [%]

L_2=Clutter_loss(f,2,p);
L_d=Clutter_loss(f,d,p);
L_ctt=min(L_d,L_2)
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

function L_ctt=Clutter_loss(f,d,p)
sigma_l=4;
sigma_s=6;
Ll=-2*log10(10^(-5*log10(f)-12.5)+10^(-16.5));
Ls=32.98+23.9*log10(d)+3*log10(f);
sigma_cb=sqrt((sigma_l^2*10^(-0.2*Ll)+sigma_s^2*10^(-0.2*Ls))\/(10^(-0.2*Ll)+10^(-0.2*Ls)));

L_ctt=-5*log10(10^(-0.2*Ll)+10^(-0.2*Ls))-sigma_cb*sqrt(2)*erfcinv(2*p\/100);
end<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\uff13\uff0e\u7247\u65b9\u306e\u7121\u7dda\u5c40\u304c\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u7121\u7dda\u5c40\u304c\u4e0a\u7a7a\u306b\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3001\u7d71\u8a08\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff0810GHz\uff5e100GHz\uff09<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6570\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\\(L_{ces}\\)\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u901a\u308a\u3068\u306a\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
L_{\\it ces} = \\left\\{ -K_1 \\left[ \\ln \\left( 1 – \\frac{p}{100} \\right) \\right] \\cot \\left[ A_1 \\left( 1 – \\frac{\\theta}{90} \\right) + \\frac{\\pi \\theta}{180} \\right] \\right\\}^{\\left[ 0.5(90 – \\theta)\/90 \\right]} – 1 – 0.6 Q^{-1} \\left( \\frac{p}{100} \\right) \\\\ \\tag{18}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
Q^{-1} (x) = \\sqrt{2} {\\rm erf}^{-1} (1 – 2x) = \\sqrt{2} {\\rm erfc}^{-1} (2x) \\\\ \\tag{19}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
K_1 = 93 f^{0.175} \\\\ \\tag{20}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\\(
A_1 = 0.05 \\\\ \\tag{21}
\\)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8a08\u7b97\u4f8b<\/h3>\n\n\n
\n
\"\"
\u56f34 \u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u8a08\u7b97\u4f8b<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

clear
close all

f=30; %Frequency [GHz]
theta=0; %elevation angle [degree]
p=50; %percentage of location [%]

L_ces=Clutter_loss(f,theta,p)

function L_ces=Clutter_loss(f,theta,p)
K1=93*(f^0.175);
A1=0.05;

L_ces=(-K1*(log(1-p\/100))*cot(A1*(1-theta\/90)+pi*theta\/180))^(0.5*(90-theta)\/90)-1-0.6*sqrt(2)*erfcinv(p\/100);

end<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
\u8a18\u53f7<\/td>\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u8aac\u660e [\u5358\u4f4d]<\/td><\/tr>
\\(A_h\\), \\(L_{clut}\\), \\(L_{ces}\\)<\/td>\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931 [dB]<\/td><\/tr>
\\(f\\)<\/td>\u5468\u6ce2\u6570 [GHz]<\/td><\/tr>
\\(h\\)<\/td>\u30a2\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u9ad8 [m]<\/td><\/tr>
\\(w_s\\)<\/td>\u9053\u5e45 [m]\u3000\u3000\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u306e\u5024\u306f27m<\/td><\/tr>
\\(R\\)<\/td>\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u9ad8 [m]<\/td><\/tr>
\\(d\\)<\/td>\u9001\u53d7\u4fe1\u5c40\u9593\u8ddd\u96e2 [km]<\/td><\/tr>
\\(p\\)<\/td>\u5834\u6240\u7387 [%]<\/td><\/tr>
\\(\\theta\\)<\/td>\u4ef0\u89d2 [degree]<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u53c2\u7167<\/h2>\n\n\n\n[1] ITU-R Rec. P.2108-1, “Prediction of clutter loss,”  Sep. 2021.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u6982\u8981 \u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5efa\u7269\u3084\u690d\u751f\u306a\u3069\u3001\u5730\u8868\u306b\u3042\u308b\u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u306f\u5730\u5f62\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u7269\u4f53\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3002\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u640d\u5931\u306f\u3001\u4f1d\u642c\u7d4c\u8def\u306e\u4e21\u7aef\u306b\u30af\u30e9\u30c3\u30bf\u304c\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3068\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306e\u4f1d\u642c\u640d\u5931\u306e\u5dee\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u3001\u9577\u8ddd\u96e2\u4f1d\u642c\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6709\u52b9\u306a\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u640d\u5931\u3067 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":12073,"menu_order":50,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9183","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9183","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9183"}],"version-history":[{"count":41,"href":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9183\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14899,"href":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9183\/revisions\/14899"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12073"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ieice.org\/cs\/ap\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}