EMCJ98-80
(1998-12)
Dependence
of Temperature-Rise in the Human Head on Antenna Input Power for Portable Telephones
Takahiro Joukou, Jianqing Wang, and Osamu Fujiwara
Department of
Electrical and Computer Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology
Gokiso-cho,
Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan
Abstract: Since the biological hazards due to RF exposure
are caused mainly by a temperature-rise in tissue, the effect of localized SAR for portable telephones should also
be related to the temperature-rise in the human head. Although the SAR is known to be directly proportional to
the antenna input power of portable telephones, the dependence of temperature-rise on the antenna input power remains
unclear. In this paper, the relationship between the peak temperature-rise in the human head and the antenna input
power was investigated by using the FDTD method in conjunction with detailed models of a human head and a portable
telephone. It was found that the peak temperature-rise in all types of tissue is approximately proportional to
the antenna input power. It was also found that the peak temperature-rise in the brain can be calculated from the
blood-flow and heating potential.
Index terms:
Portable telephone, antenna input power, SAR, temperature-rise, heating potential
EMCJ98-81
(1998-12)
Hot Spot and
Dosimetry Computation in the Human Head for Portable Telephones
Takuji Ushimoto*, Jianqing Wang*, Osamu Fujiwara*, and Toshio
Nojima **
*Faculty of
Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology
**NTT Mobile
Communications Network Inc.
*Gokiso-cho,
Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan.
**3-5 Hikari-no-oka,
Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa 239-8536, Japan
Abstract: With the recent increase in the use among young
children of portable telephones, public concern regarding potential health hazards due to a hot spot appearing
inside the infant head, has been growing. In order to examine whether or not the hot spot can be produced by portable
telephones, dosimetric computations were conducted for our developed realistic head models and homogeneous spheres,
which simulate the heads of adult, child and infant. The FD-TD (finite-difference time-domain) method was used
to compute the local SARs (specific absorption rate) in the heads for 1.5 GHz portable telephones and also for
1.5 GHz plane wave exposure. As a result, it was found that in the actual use of portable telephone the localized
peak SARs always occur on the surface of the realistic model and homogeneous sphere regardless of their size and
therefore any hot spots does not appear inside them. On the other hand, when the portable telephone is located
at a distance of 9.75cm from the head, the hot spot was found to appear inside both the realistic model and homogeneous
sphere for the infant, which was confirmed also for plane wave exposure. It should be noted, however that the hot
spot magnitude is considerably smaller compared to that of the localized peak SAR occurring on the head surface.
Index terms:
portable telephone, hot spot, dosimetry, realistic head model, FDTD computation
EMCJ98-82
(1998-12)
Propagation
Characteristics of EM Precursor and GM Counting Anormally of High-Energy Radiation on Volcanic Swarm Area
Masayasu Hata*, Xuejun Tan*, Yoshikazu Yamada**, Kiyohide
Baba@, Ichi Takumi#, and Seiji Yabashi#
*Aichi Prefectural
University
**SEFA Technology @Chubu University #Nagoya Inst. of Tech.
*Nagakute-cho,
Aichi, 480-1198 Japan
Abstract: Through location of EM precursor by multi-spot observation,
we could find two facts, one is three kinds of radiation coming from sea-surface of trench or volcanic belt, inland
regional and near-by area of distorted crust, secondly, the radiation level versus propagation distance, that was
well consistent with the results of electromagnetic wave theory. And further we have discussed one another physical
precursor of Geiger-Muller counter of high energy radiation. The counter was set-up in Itoh-city, volcanic swarm
area, and showed an anomalous value of about three times of the usual background level for one and half months
preceding the swarm experienced last April. This means that there exists wide precursor phenomena of such a quantum
electromagnetic dynamics other than electro-chemistry and mechanic-electrical mechanisms taken place in the deep
high-pressure, high-density situations by tectonics.
Index terms:
electromagnetic precursor, extremely low frequency, propagation characteristic, high-energy radiation, GM counter
EMCJ98-83
(1998-12)
Electromagnetic
Analysis on Electromagnetic Compatibility of TV Broadcasting in Tokai area
Yasumitsu Miyazaki
Department of
Information and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology
Hibarigaoka
1-1, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi, 441-8580, Japan
Abstract: About 80 and 50 years have passed since Radio broadcasting
of 1MHz band and TV broadcasting of 100 MHz band respectively, started giving services as analog broadcasting.
By rapid development of digital computers, digital technology have been well developed in the consumer electronics
from Mbps to Gbps. Digital broadcasting in urban area by using TV towers may provide more information services
to information society including analog TV broadcasting, analog satellite BS broadcasting, digital satellite CS
broadcasting, analog and digital CATV broadcasting and further internet digital communication. Digital TV broadcasting
by TV towers are supported by digital technology of signal processing and, image and band compression. In terms
of electromagnetic wave propagation, digital TV broadcasting have similar problems as analog TV broadcasting in
addition to new technical problems. In this paper, investigations on electromagnetic compatibility including ghost
problems for digital TV broadcasting in Tokai area are discussed.
Index terms:
digital broadcasting / TV broadcasting / ghost / electromagnetic wave
EMCJ98-84
(1998-12)
Analysis of
Plane Wave Scattering by a Conducting Elliptic Cylinder near a Ground Plane
Tadahiro Masuda and Yasumitsu Miyazaki
Dept. of Infor.
Syst., Fac. of Eng., Toyohashi Univ. of Tech.
Azahibari gaoka
1-1, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi-shi, Japan
Abstract: The analysis model consists of an infinite conducting
elliptic cylinder near a perfectly conducting plane. This scattering problem can be exchanged with that of two
elliptic cylinders, using the theory of images. The coordinate system is represented by an elliptic cylindrical
coordinate system, and all the fields are expanded in terms of Mathieu functions. To apply the boundary condition,
we have used, in the analysis, the addition theorem of Mathieu function.
Index terms:
conducting elliptic cylinder/Mathieu function/theory of images/addition theorem
EMCJ98-85
(1998-12)
Electromagnetic
Characteristics of Group of Buildings in Microcellular Mobile Communication Environment
Paul Selormey and Yasumitsu Miyazaki
Department of
Information and Computer Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology Hibarigaoka 1-1,
Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441, Japan
Abstract: Detailed characterization of radio propagation channel
is a major requirement for successful design of mobile communication systems. In this paper, mobile radio channel
characterization process based on the FDTD method is presented. The merits and demerits of the currently used methods,
namely impulse response method and ray-tracing methods are briefly discussed. The total field formulation of the
FDTD method is discussed. The simulation model consists of streets with concrete buildings. The wave propagation patterns in the whole
channel and the received signals at some line of sight and out of sight locations are presented.
Index terms:
FDTD method, propagation characteristics, wave scattering, mobile radio waves
EMCJ98-86
(1998-12)
Measurement
of Voltage and Current Transition Durations Due to Very short Gap Discharge in Air Using Distributed Constant Line
System
Ken Kawamata*, Shigeki Minegishi**, Akira Haga**, and Risaburo
Sato**
*Hachinohe Institute
of Technology
**Faculty of
engineering, Tohoku Gakuin University
*88-1 Ohbiraki
Myo Hachinohe, 031-8501 Japan
**1-13-1 Chuoh
Tagajo, 985-8537 Japan
Abstract: Very fast transition durations (rising part in positive
polarity and falling part in negative polarity) due to starting of short gap discharge as a ESD and electrical
contact of switch devices were investigated in time domain. Measurement system consists of a distributed constant
line system with a tapered coaxial electrode which was taken care in the frequency range below 4 GHz . As a consequence
of the experiment, a relationship between discharge voltage and transition durations were confirmed.
Index terms:
Transition duration, ESD, Contact, Gap discharge, Time domain, Distributed constant system
EMCJ98-87
(1998-12)
An Investigation
of Noise Mode-conversion from Common to Normal on the Balanced Line
Kohji Sasabe, Kazuhisa Yoshida, and Osamu Fujiwara*
Matsushita Electric
Works, LTD., Corporate Quality R&D Center
*Faculty of Engineering , Nagoya Institute of
Technology
1048 Kadoma
Kadoma city, Osaka 571-8686 Japan
*Gokisocho Showaku
Nagoya city, Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
Abstract: In this paper, the noise mode conversion from the
common-mode to the normal-mode was described. Two simple parallel traces were investigated with injecting the common-mode
Voltage. The effect of the mutual coupling between traces on the noise mode conversion was examined theoretically
and experimentally. As a result, it was found that the tight magnetic coupling among the traces gave a less mode
conversion.
Index terms:
Immunity, PCB, Normal-mode, Common-mode, Transmission line
EMCJ98-88
(1998-12)
Radiated Emission
from a Power Plane with Different Areas of a Multilayer Printed Circuit Board
Takeshi Uchida, Chiharu Miyazaki, and Naoto Oka
Mitsubishi Electric
Corp. Information Technology R&D Center
5-1-1 Ofuna,
Kamakura, Kanagawa 247-8501, Japan
Abstract: Emission from a power plane is one of the radiated
emissions from printed circuit boards (PCBs) in electronic products. There are cas s which digital circuits and
analog circuits are in a PCB. Moreover, the power plane exists not only planate but also liner owing to its design
condition of PCB. In this paper, we measured radiated emissions from multilayer PCB which has power plane areas
of various sizes, and examined the contribution of power plane areas to radiated emission with these results.
Index terms:
EMI, radiated emission, printed circuit board, power plane, resonance
EMCJ98-89
(1998-12)
Transmission
Characteristics of Finite-length Bent Lines Including Vertical Risers
Weikun Liu and Yoshio Kami
The University
of Electro-Communications
1-5-1 Chofugaoka,
Chofu-shi, Tokyo 182
Abstract: Transmission characteristics are studied for bent
lines of finite-length by transmission-line equations consisting of terms of distributed sources. The disturbance
fields caused by currents at the risers are taken account in the equations and expressed as vector potentials.
From a set of solutions to the equations, a chain matrix expression of 2-port network is obtained. To verify the
theory, the characteristics of the line are discussed by using scattering parameter elements S11 and S21. The measured and the computed results confirmed an input voltage reflection and a transmission
coefficients are in a good agreement.
Index terms:
telegrapher's equation, vector potential, terminal compensation, 2-port network
EMCJ98-90
(1998-12)
Evaluation
of Anechoic Chamber Characteristics Using an Optically Driven Imitated Equipment
Tetsuya Kawasima, Juan Carlos Aquino, Eiju Kimura, and Masamitsu
Tokuda
Kyushu Institute
of Technology
1-1 Sensui-Cho,
Tobata-Ku, Kitakyusyu-Shi 804-8550, Japan
Abstract: This report describes the characteristics of an
anechoic chamber when an imitated equipment is used. Radiated emission measurements revealed that the use of optically
driven imitated equipment enhanced the repeatability of the measurement set compared to coaxial cable driven ones.
Measured emission levels in the fully anechoic chamber are used to estimate those for the semi anechoic case, and
estimated levels agreed within 5dB with the measured ones.
Index terms:
Anechoic chamber, Imitated equipment, Emission measurement, Correction factor, Site attenuation
EMCJ98-91
(1998-12)
Improving Characteristic
of Anechoic Chamber Using Ray Tracing Method
Mamiko Inokuchi *, Eiju Kimura*, Masamitsu Tokuda*, and Kazuo
Simada**
*Kyushu Institute
of Technology
**RIKEN ELETEC
Corp.
*1- 1 Sensui-Cho,
Tobata-Ku, Kitakyusyu-Shi 804-0855, Japan
**4-14-1 Suehiro,
kumagaya-Si, 360-8522, Japan
Abstract: A conforming anechoic chamber on the frequency range
from 30 MHz to 10 GHz was built using an electromagnetic absorbing material composed of ferrite and foamed ferrite.
However, expanding the characteristics of the chamber to the frequency range from 10 GHz to 20 GHz, by adding pyramidal
carbon absorbers, revealed that characteristics at frequencies around 200 MHz are worsened. An improvement by the
ray tracing method was investigated. As the result, making the measurement axe oblique suppressed the problem described
above. Moreover, it was confirmed that a better improvement can be obtained by replacing a portion of the lateral
pyramidal carbon absorbers with twice taller ones.
Index terms:
Anechoic chamber, Pyramidal absorbers, Site attenuation, Ray tracing method
EMCJ98-92
(1998-12)
Experimental
Verification of Radiated Emission Source Finding Technique using CISPR Emission Measurement System
Kouji Yamashita*, Yasuhiro Ishida**, and Masamitsu Tokuda*
*Kyushu Institute
of Technology
**Fukuoka Industrial
Technology Center
*1 - 1 Sensui-Cho,
Tobata-Ku, Kitakyusyu-Shi 804-8550, Japan
**3-6-1, Norimatsu,
Yahatanishi-Ku, Kitakyushu-Shi 807-0831, Japan
Abstract: In this report, horizontal emission source for the
radiated emission source finding technique using CISPR emission measurement system is newly examined. The experiment
at semi-anechoic chamber was performed by using Spherical dipole antennas, which are imitated emission sources.
As a result, it is confirmed to be able to find horizontal emission source by the finding accuracy of the position
deviation 0.2(m), the current value deviation 1.2(dB) and the angle deviation 15(°).
Index terms:
Radiated emission source finding technique, Discrete singularity method, Spherical dipole antenna
EMCJ98-93
(1998-12)
Preparation
of Transparent and Conductive Thin Films for the Protection from Static Charge
Nobuo Murota, Hiroki Kokubo, and Hidemasa Matsuo
Industrial Research
Institute, Aichi Prefectural Government
Hitotsugi-cho
Nishishinwari Kariya-shi Aichi 448-0003 Japan
Abstract: To prevent obstacles of static charge or its discharge,
we produced a transparent and conductive thin film experimentally. The aim of this thin film is to add conductivity
cheaply and easily to a container for electronic parts. The manufacturing method of the film is to spray raw materials
to the target, then the film of the tin oxide is formed on the target with particular process. A transparent film
is formed by the fine mist of the raw material. A hydrolysis of tin chloride reacts at least 220°C to change the
tin oxide. According to increase of the temperature of the reaction, the forming speed of the film and conductivity
is increased.
Index terms:
static charge, protection film, conductive film, tin oxide, spray method
EMCJ98-94
(1998-12)
Improvement
of the Sensing Sensitivity of Code-Sensing Communication System with a Magnetic Sensor
Youji Kotsuka and Ken Orii*
Department of
Telecommunication Engineering Tokai University
Lab.8, 2F-BLDG.9,
Dept. of Telecommunications, shounan-campus, Tokai University
1117, Kitakaname,
Hiratsuka-shi, Kanagawa 259-1292
Japan
Abstract: Code-sensing Communication System (COSCOS) have
so far been proposed as a new bar-code simple communication method. The fundamental principle of COSCOS is to apply
the idea of bar-code reader system to a simple communication system. This paper presents the improvement of the
sensing sensitivity of COSCOS by new magnetic sensor.
Index terms:
EMC, Bar-code, COSCOS by magnetic sensor, resonance type
EMCJ98-95
(1999-01)
Object Reconstruction
from Microwave Diffraction Field Using Conjugate Gradient Method
Masayuki Hoshino, Tomonori Hasegawa, and Takashi Iwasaki
Department of
Electronic Engineering, The University of Electro-communications
1-5-1 Chofugaoka,
Chofu , Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
Abstract: This paper describes imaging from microwave scalar
diffraction field. In this system, the field data is obtained by one dimensional scanning. The simulation results
show that an object can be reconstructed using the conjugate gradient method even when the object is apart from
the central(z) axis while it is difficult to reconstruct by the quasi-inverse transform method. In addition, antenna
directivity can be involved in the conjugate gradient reconstruction.
Index terms:
Microwave diffraction, Conjugate Gradient Method, Quasi-inverse transform, Image reconstruction, Condition Number
EMCJ98-96
(1999-01)
Appropriate
Antenna Position on Ground-plane for Measurements of Free-Space Antenna Factor by Using the Near-Field 3-antenna Method
Kohei Kawano and Takashi Iwasaki
Department of
Electronic Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications
1-5-1 Chofugaoka,
Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
Abstract: It is necessary for measurements of the free-space
antenna factor by using the near-field 3-antenna method on the ground plane to measure the transmission S parameter
(S21) between antennas accurately.
In this paper, the suitable antenna position is investigated using the moment method, when the antenna positioning
has an error.
Index terms:
Antenna factor, 3-antenna method, S parameter, Ground plane, Moment method, Field transfer factor, Dipole antenna
EMCJ98-97
(1999-01)
A Course of
Error Factors at EMI Measurement -Study
in the Instability Factor of EMI Measurement System-
Atsushi Shinozaki
SEIKO EPSON
Corporation
80 Harashinden
Hirooka Shiojiri-Shi, Nagano-Ken 399-0785 Japan
Abstract: We conducted a research to clarify the probable
cause of the measurement errs. We found that, when a range of broad band noise is measured using a receiver and
spectrum analyzer which conform to the CISPR 16 standard, the measurement errs between the QP (quasi-peak) values
can reach up to 8dB at the radiated emission noise tests, and reach more than 30dB at the conducted emission noise
tests. we propose to revive the once-available CISPR 16 document for current use, as this document described that,
in case of a doubt, the value at the receiver side should have the priority. We also found that, at a specific
frequency range, the signal transfer line of the measuring system indicated loss of about 10dB, just because of
an incomplete contact at the coaxial connection switch. Similarly, we encountered a phenomena that the antenna
factor suddenly changes and its cause was found to be an incomplete contact of a single element. In order to prevent
occurrences of these measurement errs, it is necessary to confirm the transmission loss and reception sensitivity
for the whole frequency range prior to a test.
Index terms:
EMI measurement, measurement correlation, measurement err
EMCJ98-98
(1999-01)
Elimination
of Unintended Reflection Waves from a Test Site for Antenna Calibration using the MUSIC Algorithm
Katsushige Harima
Yokosuka Radio
Communications Research Center, Communications Research Laboratory, Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications
3-4 Hikarino-oka,
Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-0847, Japan
Abstract: The antenna used for EMI measurements is calibrated
at test sites such as open area test sites or in anechoic chambers. The unintended reflection waves from the test
sites cause uncertainty in the measurements. In this report, the MUSIC algorithm was used to eliminate the unintended
reflection waves from the test sites, and the antenna gain was determined by using the three-antenna method.
Index terms:
Antenna calibration, MUSIC algorithm, Three-antenna method, EMI, Unintended reflection wave
EMCJ98-99
(1999-01)
Design of Electromagnetically
Coupled Slot Antenna with a Microstrip Stub Using FDTD Equivalent Circuit Approach
Hiroyoshi Suga and Takashi Iwasaki
Department of
Electronic Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications
1-5-1 Chofugaoka,
Chofu, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
Abstract: A method has been proposed to design an electromagnetically
coupled slot antenna which is a kind of microstrip antenna efficiently. The method is called the equivalent circuit
method, where the slot part of the antenna is analyzed in the FDTD method and the stub part is regarded as a transmission
line. In this paper, the electromagnetically coupled slot antennas are designed using the equivalent circuit method
in various frequencies. As the result, it is presented that the stub length should be longer than the width of
microstrip line. It is also clarified that the equivalent circuit method can be applied for a longer stub by using
the offset feeding.
Index terms:
Electromagnetically coupled slot antenna, FDTD method, Stub, Equivalent circuit, Offset feed
EMCJ98-100
(1999-01)
Portable Electronic
Devices on an Aircraft Cabin -
Measurement of Emission of Radio Frequency Energy -
Toshikiyo Hirata*, Kazuo Yamamoto**, Tadao Sakai@, and Moriyuki Mizumachi @@
*TOYOCOM, **ENRI,
@JAL, @@SIT
*2-1-1 Koyato,
Samukawa, Kanagawa, 253-0103
**6-38-1 Shinkawa,
Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0004
@1-9-1 Haneda-Airport, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 144-0041
@@3-9-14 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0023
Abstract: The measurements of emission of radio frequency
energy level from Portable Electronic Devices are reported. The method of measurement is based upon RTCA/DO-160C.
The results show that some of the Portable Electronic Devices exceed the rated value of RTCA/DO-160C in the frequency
range not greater than 17MHz. However, the devices are mostly satisfactory in the frequency range between 108~1215MHz
used in aircraft.
Index terms:
Avionics device, Portable electronic device, Electromagnetic interference, RTCA/DO-160C
EMCJ98-101
(1999-01)
Path Loss Measurement
in an Aircraft
Kazuo Yamamoto*, Toshikiyo Hirata**, Moriyuki Mizumachi@, and Tadao Sakai@@
*ENRI, ** TOYOCOM,
@SIT, @@JAL
*6-38-1 Shinkawa
Mitaka, Tokyo 181-0004
**2-1-1 Koyato,
Samukawa, Kanagawa 253-0103
@3-9-14 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0023
@@1-9-1 Haneda-Airport, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 144-0041
Abstract: This paper describes the ElectroMagnetic Interference
(EMI) in avionics systems caused by portable electronic devices (PEDs). The path loss from PEDs to aircraft navigation
systems and to cables on the cabin floor were measured in Boeing 777s. Results show that the total path loss from
PEDs to navigation systems is 43dB in minimum and 90dB in average, suggesting the little probability of interference
to avionics; however, there remains some probability of the interference. The path loss to the cables is large
enough so as the interference through the path can be ignored. Several PEDs were used in aircraft cabin, both on
the ground and in flight to investigate the interference. However, no interference to the navigation systems was
observed during the test.
Index terms:
Aircraft, Portable electronic devices, Electromagnetic
interference, Path loss, EMI estimation
EMCJ98-102
(1999-01)
Evaluation
Method for Immunity of PCBs by Using an Equipment for Noise Injection
Toshio Ohtake and Katsumi Tomiyama
Information
Technology R&D Center, Mitsubishi Electric Corp.
5-1-1 Ofuna,
Kamakura, Kanagawa, 247-8501, Japan
Abstract: The noise immunity evaluation of the product equipped
with the microcomputer has doing in the final step of the development stage. There was a problem of requiring the
long period for countermeasure if something wrong occurred.
Then, the noise injection device that the noise immunity evaluation
is possible by the mounting printed circuit boards unit was made for trial purposes. The noise was impressed from
3 noise injection devices to the printed circuit boards and these noise immunity evaluation method were useful.
Index terms:
Electromagnetic Compatibility, Immunity, Printed Circuit Boards, Electric Noise, Evaluation method
EMCJ98-103
(1999-01)
Properties
and Calibration of the Multilayered Magnetic Field Probe
Naoya Tamaki*, Norio Masuda*, Hirokazu Tohya*, Kazuyoshi Ishizaka**,
Masahiro Yamaguchi***, and Ken- Ichi Arai***
*Device Analysis
Technology Laboratories, NEC Corporation
**IC Department,
NEC Glass Component Co., Ltd.
***Research
Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University
*4-1-1, Miyazaki,
Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8555 Japan
**4-3, Nanpeidai,
Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-0024 Japan
***2-1-1, Katahira,
Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8577 Japan
Abstract: The antenna factor and several properties of the
multilayer board-type magnetic field probe (loop size : 0.2mm x 8.4mm) with shielded loop structure developed for measuring the magnetic fields near a PCB
and an LSI are reported. The amplitude and the phase of the frequency characteristics are linear in the range below
1GHz. And the measurement error about the location of this probe to a trace is evaluated. The complex antenna factor
is derived by using the TEM cell or the microstrip line as the magnetic field source, and the results by two methods
agree well. The scatter in the antenna factors of products is measured by the TEM cell, which is less than 1.0dB
including the measurement error.
Index terms:
PCB, LSI, shielded loop, multilayer board-type magnetic field probe, TEM cell, complex antenna factor
EMCJ98-104
(1999-03)
Response Characteristics
of Switching Regulator to Incident Conductive Noise
Kunimitsu Sugiura, Shuichi Nitta, and Atsuo Mutoh
Tokyo University
of Agriculture & Technology
2-24-16 Nakacho
Koganei Tokyo 184-8588
Abstract: Response of switching regulator to incident conductive
noise is experimentally clarified. It is concluded that switching regulator can suppress incident conductive noise in
the frequency range below switching frequency varying with load and input voltage, but can't suppress incident
conductive noise over switching frequency.
Index terms:
Switching Regulator, Conductive Noise, Response to Incident Noise
EMCJ98-105
(1999-03)
Novel Decoupling
Circuit Comprising Magnetic Materials and Built-in Choking Coils
Novel Decoupling
Circuit Combining Notable Noise Suppression and Immunity Improvement in a Digital Printed Circuit Board
Shiro YOSHIDA and Hirokazu TOHYA
NEC Corporation,
Device Analysis Technology Labs. , EMC Engineering Center
1-1, Miyazaki
4-chome, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa
Abstract:This paper describes a novel decoupling circuit comprising magnetic materials and built-in
choking coils which makes it possible to significantly suppress noise and improve noise immunity in a digital printed
circuit board (PCB) .
Index terms:
Decoupling, Printed Circuit Board (PCB) , EMI, isolation, Immunity
EMCJ98-l06
(1999-03)
A New Behavioral
Model of LSI at Power Supply Terminal for EMI Simulation
Hitoshi IRINO, Hiroshi WABUKA, and Hirokazu TOHYA
Device Analysis
Technology Laboratories, NEC Corporation
1-1, Miyazaki
4-Chome, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8555, Japan
Abstract: A current in a printed circuit board (PCB) power
supply line contains radio frequency (RF) currents corresponding to all internal LSI circuit currents. Then, it
is necessary for estimating the power supply current to use an appropriate model for LSI power supply terminals.
In this report, a new LSI model for the power supply terminal is proposed, which is a component whose resistance
varies with time. Current in the power supply line of a PCB was well simulated by using the model. The maximum
deviation between simulated values of current spectra and the measured in experiments was found to be within 10dB
in the range of 1MHz to 1GHz.
Index terms:
RF current, simulation, LSI model at power supply terminal
EMCJ98-107
(1999-03)
AC Analysis
of Decoupling Circuits by a New Model of CMOS-LSI at Power Supply Terminal
Noriaki ANDO and Hirokazu TOHYA
Device Analysis
Technology Laboratories, NEC Corporation
4-1-1, Miyazaki,
Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 216-8555 Japan
Abstract: This paper suggests a new circuit model which represents
a equivalent circuit of CMOS-LSI at power supply terminal using an high frequency voltage source with a relatively
high internal impedance. AC analysis of decoupling circuits was made using this new CMOS-LSI model at power supply.
By this new model we can analyze the whole decoupling circuit system including both AC circuits and transmission
lines.
Index terms:
CMOS-LSI model at Power Supply, PCB, Decoupling, AC Analysis
EMCJ98-108
(1999-03)
Perfect Matching
of Electromagnetic Wave Absorptive Material
Tsugio Sakamoto*, Masaru Chino*, Takashi Yamamoto*, Ario Yamamoto**,
and Masaki Kobayashi**
*Dept. of electric
engineering, National Defense Academy
**Teika Co.
*1-10-20 Hashirimizu,
Yokosuka, Kanagawa pref. Japan
Abstract: In this report, firstly, we propose the evaluation
method of electromagnetic absorptive characteristics by reflection loss and phase angle measurement using the coaxial
line. Secondly, we obtain the material constant with perfect matching condition (εγ*= ｵγ*) in Fe/Ti composite material. Thirdly, we simulate the perfect matching condition.
Index terms:
reflection loss, phase angle, electromagnetic wave absorptive material, perfect matching
EMCJ98-109
(1999-03)
Characterization
of a SCM System using Optical Repeaters with Frequency-Block Conversion
Hideyuki Nasu*, Kiyoyuki Isawa**, Tomomichi Matsunaga*, and
Hideyuki Omura *
*lnformation
& Electronics Laboratory, The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd.
**lnformation
Systems & Communications Technology Section, Research & Development Center,Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc.
*5-1-9, Higashiyawata,
Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 254-0016, Japan
**2-1-7, Nakayama,
Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-0952, Japan
Abstract: We characterized transmission of a SCM system using
optical repeaters with frequency-block conversion to realize cost-effectiveness by the use of standardized transmission
equipment and reduction of preparation for lasing wavelength selection of light sources, and to increase transmission
length and number of terminals. This system is especially useful to collect video signals from multiple points.
In order to characterize transmission performance, CNR effected by optical beat interference derived from simultaneously
detecting multiple optical signals transmitted from terminals and an optical repeater, and moreover composite distortions
generated at a light source and a receiver in an optical repeater were examined. To practically evaluate this characterization,
a SCM system having 2 optical repeaters with frequency block-conversion was set up. We confirmed that characterized
CNR and composite distortions have a good agreement with measured results. As we certified validity of system characterization,
we derived limits of transmission length, number of terminals and number of optical repeats by evaluating CNR and
composite distortions. We also demonstrate those results.
Index terms:
SCM, frequency-block conversion, optical repeater, CNR, composite distortion
EMCJ98-110
(1999-03)
An Introduction
of Up-Link Access Method for Cable Modem which Provides better Robustness to Actual Ingress Noise, and the Result
of Test in an Actual CATV Network
Kazuhiro Ohta, Toshikazu Nezu, Shuya Hosokawa, Shinichiro
Ohmi, Hiroshi Ohue, Shinya Katoh, Kohji Katayama, and Yoshikatsu Araki
Matsushita Electric
Industrial Co. , Ltd.
1006, Kadoma,
Oaza, Kadoma-shi, Osaka, 571-8501, Japan
Abstract: Ingress noise is generally known to degrade up-link
signals in CATV network. In particular, ingress noise in the frequency band lower than 20MHz disturbs seriously
the data communication. In this paper, at first, we analyze the ingress noises in the actual CATV networks. Based
on the measurement result above, we introduce the up-link access method, which uses multi-carrier frequency hopping
mechanism. Then we show a potential of communication in low frequency bandwidth by means of the test result in
an actual CATV network with the cable modem system that uses the access method.
Index terms:
Cable modem, CATV, ingress noise, hopping
EMCJ98-111
(1999-03)
A Study on
Coupling Wave Canceler for Relay Station in Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting SFN
Hiroyuki Hamazumi, Koichiro Imamuira, Naohiko Iai, and Kazuhiko
Shibuya
NHK Science
and Technical Research Laboratories
l -10-11 Kinuta,
Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8510, Japan
Abstract: In a low cost relay station for SFN (Single Frequency
Networks) of digital terrestrial broadcasting, the coupling effect from transmitting antenna to receiving antenna
should be reduced to avoid distortion and oscillation problem. In this paper, a simple booster system without decision
and re-modulation technology is focused. For OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system, we propose
a coupled wave canceling system using adaptive signal processing with small process delay time. The proposal system
use adaptive FIR filter to cancel, which is controlled by transfer function determined from scattered pilot symbols
obtained broadcast wave. The usefulness of the proposed system has been verified by the computer simulations.
Index terms:
Digital Terrestrial Broadcasting, SFN, broadcast wave relay station, coupled wave canceler, OFDM
EMCJ98-112
(1999-03)
The Development
of PW(Parallel Wired) Cell
Katsuo Ishihara* and Masamitsu Tokuda**
* Matsushita
Electric Industrial Co.,Ltd
** Kyusyu Institute
of Technology
*l -6, Matsuo-cho,
Kadoma-shi, Osaka, 571-0044 Japan
**1- 1, Sensui-cho,
Tobata-ku Kitakyusyu-shj, Fukuoka, 804-8550 Japan
Abstract: We have developed PW (Parallel Wired) cell which
has many parallel wire as inner and outer conductor. It is revealed that VSWR is below almost 1.5 and input impedance
is about 50 ohm from 300 KHz to 3 GHz.
By using the PW cell,
radiated emission test and radiated radio frequency electromagnetic
field immunity test for electrical equipment can be performed in a performance examination at the design stage
of the equipment and a product control examination at mass-production process.
Index terms:
wire cell, TEM cell, Immunity examination, parallel wire
EMCJ98-113
(1999-03)
Analysys of
Radio Wave Transmission Characteristics of the Soler Control Glass with Separated Conductive Films by Using the
Ultra Thin Ellipsoid Model
Toshio Tsuno* and Teruhusa Kunisada**
*Depertment
of Electorical Engineering,Toyama National College of Technology
**Tsukuba Department,
NSG Techno-Research Co.,Ltd
*13 Hongo-machi,
Toyama-shi, Toyama-ken, 939-8630 Japan
**Tokodai 5-4,
Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 300-2635 Japan
Abstract: Transparent conductive films are used to the energy
saving windowpane for the excellent solar energy reflection characteristic. Radio waves are almost reflected by
such high conductive films and cause radio interferences sometimes. Dividing a conductive film we can control the
reflection. Modeling of the separated stripe-like films to ultra thin ellipse poles and using the method of image,
we calculate the transmittance and reflectance. We studied the relation between the transmission characteristics
and each parameter of the separated films. The characteristic in frequency is mainly controlled by the width of
the film and the dielectric constant of the substrate.
The sheet glass of several mm in thickness with a divided film of 1
cm in width, transmits radio waves up to about 1 GHz.
Index terms:
Separated conductive film, Solar reflection film, Radio interference, Depolarization field, Ellipsoid, Glass
EMCJ98-114
(1999-03)
A Solution
of 1/f Noise Phenomena from Hot Cathode by Shringer Wave Equation
Masanobu Ban
Tokyo Metropolitan
Southern Disitrict Small and Medium-sized Business Promotion Center
1-20-20 Minamikamata,
Ohta, Tokyo, 144-0035, Japan
Abstract: Since the discovery of l/f noise generated from
cathode rays by Johnson, several 1/f noises have been found in physical phenomena. So I try to make clear this
phenomena by Shringer wave equation. When Shringer wave equation is applied to solve about time, in case of
l/f noise observed, a sin integral function was found in a solution of energy. And finally as the solution of equation
, a rectangle wave, which stood alone was got. The example which showed a characteristic of isolated rectangle
wave is found.
Index terms:
l/f noise, power spectrum, Fourier transform Shringer equation transition probability
EMCJ98-115
(1999-03)
A Study on
Parameter Estimation and Error Rate Performance of Optimum Receiver under Class-A Impulsive Radio Noise Environment
Hideki Kanemoto, Shinichi Miyamoto, and Norihiko Morinaga
Department of
Communication Eng., Graduate School of Eng., Osaka University
2-1 Yamada-oka,
Suita, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
Abstract: In order to improve the error rate performance under
radio frequency man-made noise environment, optimum reception based on the statistical characteristics of man-made
noise has been proposed. In this optimum reception, the statistical characteristics of man-made noise have to be
estimated in advance. In this paper, we employ Middleton's class-A impulsive noise model as a statistical model
of man-made noise, and discuss the parameter estimation of class-A model and the performance of optimum receiver
constructed with estimated parameters. Numerical results show that, although the enormous amount of noise sample
is required to obtain precise estimated parameters, a good error performance of optimum receiver can be obtained
with parameters estimated by a certain amount of noise sample.
Index terms:
class-A impulsive radio noise, parameter estimation, optimum reception
EMCJ98-116
(1999-03)
The Influence
of a Plane Placed in the 1GHz Magnetic Field on the Electromagnetic Field Distribution
Yukio Hotta*, Isyu Kan*, and Shuichi Nitta**
*Tokin EMC Engineering
Co.,Ltd. EMC Technical Center
** Tokyo University
of Agriculture and Technology
*398 Shiboguchi
Takatsu-ku Kawasaki-city, Kanagawa 213-0023, Japan
**2-24-16 Naka-cho,
Koganei-city, Tokyo 184-0012, Japan
Abstract: With the population of electronic equipment, many
digital and analog apparatuses are being installed closely in the same space and the same equipment. In the installation
environment mentioned in the above, mutual electromagnetic interference between equipment become severe problems.
In this study, the influences of shielding material, magnetic material and dielectric material on electromagnetic
field closed to these materials are quantitatively discussed as first step to enable electromagnetic field control
inside the equipment.
Index terms:
intra-system interference, inter-system interference, shielding material, electromagnetic field distribution